[citation needed], Charles' death marked the end of autocratic kingship in Sweden, and the subsequent Age of Liberty saw a shift of power from the monarch to the parliament of the estates. Peace courts his hand, but spreads her charms in vain; A petty fortress, and a dubious hand; Afterwards, he settled in Bender at the invitation of its governor, Yusuf Pasha. The definitive circumstances around Charles's death remain unclear. In the 1983 comedy film Kalabaliken i Bender [sv], Charles XII is portrayed by Gösta Ekman. Charles, like all kings, was styled by a royal title, which combined all his titles into one single phrase. His lack of mistresses may have been due to a strong religious faith. Tories (British political party)-Wikipedia. "Think nothing gained", he cries, "till nought remain, While in the trenches close to the perimeter of the fortress on 11 December (30 November Old Style), 1718, Charles was struck in the head by a projectile and killed. [10], Charles did not pursue the Russian army. Charles spent the following years in exile in the Ottoman Empire before returning to lead an assault on Norway, trying to evict the Danish king from the war once more in order to aim all his forces at the Russians. (What worries you so? He occupied the capital of Christiania, (modern Oslo), and laid siege to the Akershus fortress there. [37], Exceptional for abstaining from alcohol and sex, he felt most comfortable during warfare. [52] In the late 20th century, Swedish nationalists and neo-Nazis had again used 30 November as a date for their ceremonies, however these were regularly interrupted by larger counter-demonstrations and were abandoned.[53]. FANDOM. His father, Charles X of Sweden, had left Sweden in July that year to fight in the war against Poland.After several years of warfare, the king returned in the winter of 1659, gathered his family and the Riksdag of the Estates in Gothenburg.Here he beheld his four-year-old son for the first time. Top Answer. This was: We Charles, by the Grace of God King of Sweden, the Goths and the Vends, Grand Prince of Finland, Duke of Scania, Estonia, Livonia and Karelia, Lord of Ingria, Duke of Bremen, Verden and Pomerania, Prince of Rügen and Lord of Wismar, and also Count Palatine by the Rhine, Duke in Bavaria, Count of Zweibrücken–Kleeburg, as well as Duke of Jülich, Cleve and Berg, Count of Veldenz, Spanheim and Ravensberg and Lord of Ravenstein. The Russians, Saxons and Danish wanted to use his young age to destroy the power of Sweden. The Ottomans initially welcomed the Swedish king, where he went to Abdurrahman Pasha, the commander of the Özü Castle, as he was about to fall into the hands of the Russian army, and he was able to take refuge in the castle at the last moment. Charles was born in the Stockholm Palace Tre Kronor in November 1655. He died instantaneously. He made the journey on horseback, riding across Europe in just fifteen days. [32] Instead he made it clear that he would marry only someone of his own choice, and for love rather than dynastic pressures. 251,257 Pages. [19] They managed to indirectly contact with Gülnuş Sultan, mother of Sultan Ahmed III, who became intrigued by Charles, in which she took an interest in his cause, and even corresponded with him in Bender. Charles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire, 1682-1719. A frame of adamant, a soul of fire, [29] Suspects in this claim range from a nearby soldier tired of the siege and wanting to put an end to the war, to an assassin hired by Charles's own brother-in-law, who profited from the event by subsequently taking the throne himself as Frederick I of Sweden, that person being Frederick's aide-de-camp, André Sicre. August Strindberg's 1901 play Carl XII is about him. I have no idea whether this version is true. During his semi-imprisonment the King played chess and studied the Ottoman Navy and the naval architecture of the Ottoman galleons. Russia occupied Finland (the Greater Wrath 1713–1721). Ontdek de perfecte stockfoto's over Charles Xii Of Sweden en redactionele nieuwsbeelden van Getty Images Kies uit premium Charles Xii Of Sweden van de hoogste kwaliteit. As his duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken required a male heir, Charles was succeeded as ruler there by his cousin Gustav Leopold. 2nd edition. [35][36] But that he was "chaste" occasioned speculation in his lifetime. By the 1660s the Kingdom of Sweden directly controlled the modern states of Finland and the Baltic States… In the meantime, Charles sent Stanislaw Poniatowski and Thomas Funck [sv] as his messengers to Constantinople. It has not been involved in a war since the Napoleonic era. No dangers fright him, and no labours tire; Charles expected the support of a massive Cossack rebellion led by Mazepa in Ukraine, with estimates suggesting Mazepa of being able to muster some 40,000 troops, but the Russians subjugated the rebellion and destroyed its capital Baturin before the arrival of the Swedish troops. [51], In the 1930s, the Swedish Nazis held celebrations on the date of Charles XII's death, and shortly before the outbreak of World War II, Adolf Hitler received from Sweden a sculpture of the king at his birthday. Greatness and fall) 91-7263-092-2 (2000) Nordstedts förlag, Stockholm, R.M. [28] There are several hypotheses as to how Charles died, though none can be given with any certainty. Did he succumb to a stray bullet, or was he assassinated? [55][56][57], Charles XII figures quite prominently in Robert Massie's magnum opus Peter the Great.[58]. [citation needed], Charles invaded Norway in 1716 with a combined force of 7,000 men. Charles XII, Karl XII or Carolus Rex, (June 17, 1682 – November 30, 1718), the Alexander of the North, nicknamed in Turkish as Demirbaş Şarl (Charles the Habitue), was a King of Sweden (1697 – 1718).He came to the throne at the age of fifteen and left the country three years later to embark on a series of battles overseas, that briefly made Sweden the predominant power in Northern Europe. Apart from being a monarch, the King's interests included mathematics, and anything that would be beneficial to his warlike purposes. ", Herman Lindquist (in Swedish): Historian om Sverige. Charles defeated the Polish king Augustus II and his Saxon allies at the Battle of Kliszow in 1702 and captured many cities of the Commonwealth. 1556332. He comes, not want and cold his course delay; - The total number of Russian fatalities reached about 10,000 at the end of the battle, while the Swedish forces lost 667 men. [29] The 1859 exhumation found that the wound was in accordance with a shot from the Norwegian fort. Meanwhile Charles's enemies were forging alliances against him. [14] Peter the Great managed, however, to ambush Lewenhaupt's army at Lesnaya before Charles could combine his forces, thus losing valuable supplies, artillery and half of Lewenhaupt's men. The paper was reportedly still in existence a hundred years later but has since been lost. In 1731, Voltaire wrote a biography of Charles XII, History of Charles XII. By the close of the century a Livonian discontent, Joann Reinhold Patkul, had persuaded Frederick IV of Denmark, Augustus II of Poland-Saxony, and Peter the Great of Russia to make a joint attack on Sweden to despoil the young ruler of much of his inheritance. England and the Netherlands supported him and his armies won over the Danes during a sea battle.He also beat Peter I Russian Tsar. They were called "Askersson" (the word asker in Turkish means soldier). [43] Throughout the 19th century's romantic nationalism Charles XII was viewed as a national hero. A popular but unproven theory is that the murder was an act of conspiracy made by his sister's (Ulrika Eleonora) husband, Fredrik, who was crowned Fredrik I.It is believed that the murder was committed by Fredrik’s aide-de-camp, André Sicre, who confe… Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder. O'er love, o'er fear, extends his wide domain, Contemporaries report of his seemingly inhuman tolerance for pain and his utter lack of emotion. Period: Jun 17, 1682 to Nov 30, 1718. Due to a lack of heavy siege cannons he was unable to dislodge the Norwegian forces inside. This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia.The original content was at Category:Charles XII of Sweden.The list of authors can be seen in the page history.As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License. The king was incapacitated by a coma resulting from his injuries and was unable to lead the Swedish forces. According to the prevailing church law in Sweden at that time, all who lived in the country, but were not members of the Swedish state church, would be baptized. Charles XII mobilized Sweden for war, called on the treaty obligations of England and Holland and dispatched Denmark in six weeks. [59][60], The Swedish power metal band Sabaton wrote an album named after him, which includes several songs about his life. His sketches and designs eventually led to the famous Swedish war ships Jarramas (Yaramaz) and Jilderim (Yıldırım). Search Sign In Don't have an account? Charles fascinated many in his time. For the first time, Sweden found itself in a defensive war. To continue reading this article you will need to purchase access to the online archive. Add new page. Hide, blushing Glory, hide Pultowa's day: Rumours that he was a hermaphrodite were quelled in 1917 when his coffin was opened and he was shown to have suffered no physical irregularities. Sweden's western enemies attacked southern and western Sweden while Russian forces traveled across Finland to attack the Stockholm district. [5], The fact that Charles was crowned as Charles XII does not mean that he was the 12th king of Sweden by that name. Charles XII (Swedish: Karl XII) was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. 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