Haplogroup J2 (Y-DNA) - Eupedia [3][4][bettersourceneeded], Louis XVII was the younger son of King of France Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. (2012) recovered the DNA of Napoleon Bonaparte from beard hair follicules and compared his Y-DNA to that of one of his present-day descendants, Charles Napolon. It has various subclades of its own which are scattered today around Italy (northern Italy, Tuscany, Latium, Sicily, Sardinia) and in places like Switzerland, south-west Germany, Britain, Spain, Romania, Greece, Turkey and Syria - also all these regions were part of the Roman Empire. They descend from Richard Stockton (1665-1709) from Princeton, NJ, whose lineage was determined to be G2a-L497 > Z1816 > FGC809 > Z39863 by the Stockton Surname DNA Project. Bill Gates (b. Al Capone (1899-1947), sometimes known by the nickname "Scarface", was an American gangster and businessman who attained notoriety during the Prohibition era as the co-founder and boss of the Chicago Outfit. Subclades. John Harvey Kellogg (1852-1943) and his brother Will Keith Kellogg (1860-1951), the inventors of the corn flakes and founders of the Kellog's breakfast cereal brand, belonged to I1-Z58 > Z138 > S2293 > S6277 > Y16450 > A14623 based on relative testing. Haplogroup J has an estimated age of about 45,000 years. American statesman and lawyer and Founding Father Roger Sherman (1721-1793) probably belonged to R1b-L21 > DF13 > FGC5494 based on the results from the Sherman DNA Project. William Howard Taft (1857-1930), the 27th President of the United States and the tenth Chief Justice of the United States, belonged to R1b-U106 > Z381 > Z301 >Z30 > Z338 > FGC1954 according to the results from the Taaffe DNA Project (descendant of Robert Taft, 1640-1725). M319, Z7671, F3133, Z6046, L581) may have expanded from the South Caucasus from the Chalcolithic onwards. Two of his descendants tested with Family Tree DNA and both shared the same haplotype under haplogroup O2a2a1a1b, also known as O-SK1700 (or F4010). Several branches of the Lowland Scottish Clan Barclay were tested at the Clan Barclay International DNA Project. Immigration from the eastern Mediterranean to Rome during the Roman Empire, then from Anatolia, Thrace and Greece during the Byzantine period (particularly in north-eastern Italy) further increased the incidence of J2 in the peninsula. American inventor and painter Samuel Morse (1791-1872) presumably belonged to haplogroup I1-L22 based on results from the Morse/Moss DNA Project (Family 1, descendant of Anthony Morse, 1606-1686, from Wiltshire, England). The only variety of R1b that is found at reasonably high frequencies in Southeast Europe, and particularly in Greece, is R1b-Z2103, the branch found in the eastern Yamna culture, including the Volga-Ural region. He has recorded more than 90 albums and has received 18 Grammy Awards. Nicholas II belonged to Y-haplogroup R1b and mt-haplogroup T2. Actor Matt LeBlanc (b. Haplogroup J1 subgroup, and J1-M267, J-P58. He is best remembered for his historical novels, especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1896), adapted as a film by Hollywood in 1951. American-Canadian actor Matthew Perry (b. Paulus Van Haren Kster (1644-1708) from Dsseldorf, Germany. His sons Valdemar and Magnus suceeded each others as kings of Sweden, and their descendants for one hundred years. Richard III of England. It is mainly centered around the region referred to as the fertile crescent. It is estimated that J2 split first from J* around 37,000 years ago, followed by J1 some 33,000 years ago. J-M172 Haplogroup Y DNA in Scotland - Finding Purpose George B. McClellan (1826-1885) was an American soldier, civil engineer, railroad executive, and politician who served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey. He was accompanied by a woman with similar admixtures, and both possessed typical Pontic-Caspian Steppe mtDNA (I1a1 and W3a). [9][10], The last tsar of Russia, Nicholas II of Russia, was assigned to mtDNA haplogroup T, based on mutations 16126C, 16169Y, 16294T, 16296T, 73G, 263G, and 315.1C. The Romans probably helped spread haplogroup J2 within their borders, judging from the distribution of J2 within Europe (frequency over 5%), which bears an uncanny resemblance to the borders of the Roman Empire (once concessions are made for the Germanic invasions that appear to have lowered the frequency of J2 between Belgium and Switzerland). In 2010, journalist Jean-Paul Mulders and historian Marc Vermeeren publicised analysis of samples taken from 39 patrilineal relatives of Hitler, pointing out this haplogroup was now common among Afroasiatic speakers. Y-DNA haplogroup I - most common among Serbs - Blogger His haplogroup was first thought to be I2a-L147.2+ based on the results of another (unrelated) Tesla from the same village as his father. Genealogies show that Charles II of England had the same matrilineal ancestress as Queen Victoria, namely Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. [32], The genetic study "Population genomics of the Viking world" was published September 16, 2020 in Nature, and showed that Gleb Svyatoslavich (sample VK542), an 11th century Rurikid Prince of Tmutarakan and Novgorod in Kievan Rus', was found to belong to Y-DNA haplogroup I2a1a2b1a1a (I-Y3120) and mtDNA haplogroup H5a2a. All three men excavated belong to Y haplogroup Q, with subclade not analysed. 1963), an actor, producer, musician, comedian and singer, famous for his roles as Blackie Parrish on the ABC television series General Hospital, and Jesse Katsopolis in the sitcoms Full House and its sequel Fuller House, and in Grandfathered. According to the Schnberg DNA Project his lineage (grandson of Abraham Schoenberg, born in 1812 in Szcsny) falls under the BY16148 clade downstream of DF27. But unlike his recent ancestors, his descendants did not all stay, instead . Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882), the general, politician and nationalist who played a large role in the history of Italy, probably belonged to haplogroup E-V13 based on the Y-DNA results from another Garibaldi from the same province in his ancestral Liguria. That would explain why it has been so hard to identify R1a or R1b lineages that could be of Illyrian or Mycenaean origin. (2013) tested the Y-DNA of three living members of the House of Bourbon, one descending from Louis XIII of France via King Louis Philippe I, and two from Louis XIV via Philip V of Spain. The project proved conclusively that all Hamilton branches descending from Sir James Hamilton, 5th Laird of Cadzow, progenitor of both aforementioned branches, belong to I1-Z63 > BY151 > FGC81364 > S2078 > S2077 > Y2245 > L1237 > Y6634 > FGC9549 > Y6615, with a most recent common ancestor living about 750 years ago. It is believed to have come from Norway with the Vikings. Other European Haplogroups. Discussion and support of Y-DNA J2-M172 Haplogroup Research:. This is the case of the Hattians, the Hurrians, the Etruscans, the Minoans, the Greeks, the Phoenicians (and their Carthaginian offshoot), the Israelites, and to a lower extent also the Romans, the Assyrians and the Persians. According to a article in a 2010 Knack magazine,[52] Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany during 19331945, could have possibly belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup E-M35 (E1b1b1) a haplogroup that is thought to have originated near or in the Horn of Africa about 22,400 years BP.[53]. The Mackenzie have possessed the titles of Earl of Seaforth from 1623 to 1781, and of Earl of Cromartie (1703-1746 and 1861 to present). Ben Franklin was a political theorist, a statesnman, a diplomat, and a scientist, among others. Prof. Kozowski announced that the prince belonged to haplogroup R1b, and therefore probably also other members of that royal lineage, including all the Dukes of Masovia (1138-1526), as long as no non-paternity event took place. Subclade J2a is very common amongst Ingush, and has been found in West Eurasian corpses discovered in the Altai mountains.[72][73][74]. Haplogroup J2 | Facebook Gjergj Kastrioti Sknderbe, also known as Skanderbeg (1405-1468), was an Albanian feudal lord and military commander who led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire in what is today Albania, North Macedonia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia. This lineage also includes his brother, the producer and director Aaron Norris, and his sons, the actor Mike Norris and the race car driver Eric Norris. lineages within a specific haplogroup. 1947), an American comedian, writer, actor, playwright, and television producer best known for being the creator of the television series Seinfeld and the HBO series Curb Your Enthusiasm, was revealed to be a member of haplogroup Q1b by the PBS television series Finding Your Roots. The male lineage of the medieval Bure kinship from Sweden has been identified as Y-DNA haplogroup G2a, based on several BigY tests carried out in 2014 on people living today. 1946), the 43rd president, apparently belong to haplogroup R1b-DF27 > Z196 > Z209 > CTS4065 > S16864 based on the results from the Bush DNA Project (group A). Though both are American citizens, their patrilineal ancestors are respectively Scottish and German. The oldest known J2a samples at present were identified in remains from the Hotu Cave in northern Iran, dating from 9100-8600 BCE (Lazaridis et al. The following year was declared Regent and Head of State. Burt Bacharach (b. The current Duke of Berwick also hold 3 other dukedoms (including Duke of Alba) and 35 other titles, making him the most titled aristocrat in the world. J-M172 's paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor J-M304 and the rest of mankind around 28,000 BCE. The results confirmed that the two men, who share a common ancestor in Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, possess the same haplogroup and haplotype. Assuming that there hasn't been any non-paternity event on either line, all the He was the progenitors of all the Earls, then Earls and Marquesses of Exeter and the Earls and Marquesses of Salisbury would belong to this haplogroup. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and won him the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in the movie Chaplin (1992), and won a Golden Globe Award for his role in the TV series Ally McBeal. However both the Etruscans and Greeks would have carried many other Y-DNA lineages, including G2a, J1, R1b-Z2103, T1a, and probably also E-M34. According to this Japanese blog, patrilineal descendants of Emperor Higashiyama had their Y-DNA tested and all belonged to haplogroup D1b1a2 (IMS-JST055457/CTS107), formerly known as D2a1b. There is no reason to believe that J2a people from the Kura-Araxes culture couldn't have expanded in the same way westward toward Anatolia, Greece and Italy and eastward to Iran, southern central Asia, Pakistan, India. One of his patrilineal descendants was identified as a member of haplogroup E-V13 > Z17107. According to the Boyle DNA Project, the Earls of Glasgow belongs to R1b-DF27 > Z196 > SRY2627 > BY3222. His son, another Richard Stockton (1764-1828) was a senator for New Jersey, and his grandson, Robert F. Stockton (1795-1866) was a United States Navy commodore, notable in the capture of California during the MexicanAmerican War. Bronze started being used by the Harappan Civilization circa 3000 BCE, a few centuries after its earliest known regular use around the Caucasus by the Maykop culture (from 3700 BCE) and the KuraAraxes culture (from 3500 BCE). Jimmy Carter (b. One branch of the clan acquired the titles of Laird of Cadzow (c. 1315), Lord Hamilton (1445), Earl of Arran (1503), Marquess of Hamilton (1599), and eventually Duke of Hamilton (1643) until the 12th duke died without male heir in 1895 and the title passed to Clan Douglas. Clan Chattan is a confederaton of Highland Scottish clans. mtDNA Haplogroup H (16111T, 16357C, 263G, 315.1C): [66] Somerled belongs to haplogroup R1a1. Mathieson et al. a) Evidence to be in haplogroup J2: M172+ or positive for a certified downstream SNP or GD<7% to a certified haplotype of the person or a certified relative in the paternal surname lineage. Other clan members later became Barons of Clackmannan, Lords Bruce of Kinloss (1608), Earls of Elgin (1633) and Earls of Kincardine (1647), titles that they keep to this day. (11%), Caucasus (8%) and North Africa (6%). He was Commanding General of the Union Army for 5 months. Archeological evidence of a massive migration from the southern Caucasus to the Indus Valley is elusive at present, but it cannot be excluded as it has been proven now that large-scale Indo-European migrations took place during the same period from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe to Europe and Central Asia. The American journalist, television personality Anderson Cooper (b. All L70 carriers today descend from a single patrilineal ancestor who lived about 5,000 years ago. The pharaohs are buried in the Valley of the Kings. The provisional criteria for inclusion in the list require the fulfillment of the following conditions:. Larry David (b. J1c8 (mtDNA) J2a1a (mtDNA) Famous Members (to be added) How to Participate. Baldwin won two Primetime Emmy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, and seven Screen Actors Guild Awards, making him the male performer with the most SAG Awards in history. An extended 17-marker haplotype was published in 2007,[57] and the company Family Tree DNA has also published results for other markers in its standard first 12-marker panel. Mulders commented: I never wrote that Hitler was a Jew, or that he had a Jewish grandfather. The branch found in the western Balkans (Y22069) is distinct from the East Mediterranean and Caucasian branch. The presence of these haplogroups and admixtures in southern Italy almost certainly represent Kura-Araxes ancestry inherited from Minoan Greeks from the Aegean islands. J. Richard III, last king of the House of York and last of the House of Plantagenet, was YDNA G-P287, in contrast to the Y haplotypes of the putative modern relatives. He is the son of Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and German diplomat Claus von Amsberg, whose family hails from Mecklenburg. (2015) tested the Y-DNA of 13 Early Neolithic farmers from the Barcn site (6500-6200 BCE) in north-western Anatolia, and only one of them belonged to haplogroup J2a. The Origins Centre at the University of the Witwatersrand tested the DNA of Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), the famous South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, and determined that he belonged to haplogroup E1b1a. Their son was Alexander Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly (d. 1470), whose patrilineal line was therefore Seton/Seaton and not the original Gordon lineage, was the progenitor of all the subsequent chiefs of clan. The geographic origin is believed to be in the cressant fertile (Iraq,Turkey and Syria) The age is estimated to be 18,500 +/- 3,500 thousands years ago See more details about J2 . To participate in this project, join or follow the project . His father adopted the surname Downey, but before that his paternal ancestors were called Elias, or Eliasovitz before they emigrated to the United States. Haplogroup J and the Jewish Cohen Modal Haplotype - Ishaq Al-Sulaimani Another presumed descendant of the imperial family tested at Family Tree DNA and also belonged to that haplogroup, and more precisely to the D-Z1504 subclade. Famous members include Richard Lee I (16171664), founder of the family and wealthy landowner, Richard Henry Lee (1732-1794), one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, and General Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), who was commander of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. 1928) is an American singersongwriter, composer, record producer and pianist. This page collects famous members of Y-DNA haplogroup J2 (paternal lineage). He also led the United States into World War I in 1917, establishing an activist foreign policy known as Wilsonianism. I2a2a1 in current ISOGG nomenclature) according to the Luce Surname Project. J2b1's origins remain unclear, but it probably originated in the South Caucasus and/or Iran and might have spread to the Levant, Cyprus and Greece with the Kura-Araxes culture during the Bronze Age. Clan Home (or Hume) is a Lowlands Scottish clan that held immense power for much of the Middle Ages and dominated the eastern Scottish Borders. 1957). The J-M172 (Y-DNA) haplogroup is defined by the M172 SNP DNA marker. a number of Steppe invasions from the Bronze Age until the Middle Ages. Results file with ~2000 chromo2Y results. The most prominent carrier of the Randolph name was perhaps Peyton Randolph (1721-1775), who served as the the first President of the Continental Congress during the American Revolution. Several scientists have created their own theories about the Y-chromosomal haplogroup (and therefore the patrilineal ancestry) of Genghis Khan. The parent clade (FGC52782) has been found in Scandinavia and points to a common ancestor living a bit over 1000 years ago, suggesting that the Seton-Gordon line was of Viking origin. He is one of a small group of people who have won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award. This subclade is the most common Scottish variety of R1a. Sheikh Mohammed has overseen the development of numerous projects in Dubai including the creation of a technology park and a free economic zone, Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City, the Dubai International Finance Centre, the Palm Islands and the Burj Al Arab hotel. Neparczki et al. [43], Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (17721834), the second emperor and shah of the Qajar dynasty of Iran belonged to Haplogroup J-M267 with DYS388 = 13 as deduced from testing of descendants of several of his sons. . > Y20959 > FGC51954. Two others' mtDNA are A[1]. In this article, Sax states that the methods by which the DNA samples were taken from Hitler's relatives in this study would be disqualified from a reputable journal. The American rock legend and cultural icon Elvis Presley (1935-1977) was revealed to belong to haplogroup I in the book Old World Roots of the Cherokee (p.42). This dynasty is known as the House of Bjelbo, and all six kings were presumably members of haplogroup I1. Whether mitochondrial respiratory capacity per mitochondrion (intrinsic activity) in human skeletal muscle is affected by differences in mitochondrial variants is not known. He was taken prisoner and eventually convicted of crimes against peace, serving a life sentence until his suicide in 1987. American actor and producer Ted Danson (b. [48], Toghan, Genghis Khan's sixth son has claimed descendants who have Y haplogroup C2b1a1b1-F1756 just like the first son of Genesis Khan, Jochi's descendants in the Kazakh Tore clan. Steven Pinker is a Canadian experimental psychologist, cognitive scientist, linguist, and popular science author. Grover Cleveland (1837-1908), the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, could have belonged to R1b-L20, a subclade of L2, based on the numerous results from the Cleveland DNA Project. He was the only active clergyman and the only college president to sign the Declaration of Independence. While testing for paternal relatives of Richard III of England to confirm the identity of his presumed remains (see Haplogroup G2a), researchers found that three modern relatives with the surname Somerset and descended from House of Lancaster all belonged to haplogroup R1b-U152 (x L2, Z36, Z56, M160, M126 and Z192). 1970), seems to belong to haplogroup I2-M284 > L1195 > Y3709 > FT63416 according to the Vaughn Surname Project. The high local frequencies observed would rather be the result of founder effects, for instance the proliferation of chieftains and kings's lineages through a long tradition of polygamy, a practice that the Russians have tried to suppress since their conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century. Ashkenazi Y-DNA and mtDNA - Ashkenazi Y-DNA Haplogroup J2 Other J2b lineages could have ended up in the Balkans during a number of Steppe invasions from the Bronze Age until the Middle Ages. (2016) at Harvard Medical School and found to belong to haplogroup R1b-P312 > DF19 > DF88 > FGC11833 > S4281 > S4268 > Z17112 > S17075 > S10067. J2a1a (mtDNA) - geni family tree Ronny Decorte, a geneticist from the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium, tested relatives of Adolf Hitler and determined that the Frher belonged to haplogroup E1b1b. This identity was confirmed by match to that of her grand-nephew, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.[11][13]. Canadian statesman Pierre Trudeau, the third longest-serving Prime Minister in Canadian history, and his son Justin Trudeau, who served as the second-youngest Canadian Prime Minister, probably belong to haplogroup R1b-DF27 > Z196 > SRY2627 > Z208 according to FTDNA's French Heritage Project and their genealogy on Geni.com. Lowland Scottish Clan Montgomery, whose chiefs have held the title of Earl of Eglinton since 1508 and of Earl of Winton since 1859, belongs to haplogroup J2a1-L26 > Z6064 > Z6055 > Z6057 > Y7013 > Y7010 > Y13128 > Y14434 > Y14439 > Y16842 > Y22056 (aka Z40262) according to the results from the Montgomery DNA Project. Bill Clinton (born 1946), who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001, most probably belonged to haplogroup I1 based on the results of distant cousins testing available at Ysearch.org. Birger Jarl, the founder of Stockholm, the modern capital of Sweden, belonged to Y Haplogroup I-M253, according to Andreas Carlsson at the National Board of Forensic Medicine of Sweden. In 2003 Oxford University researchers traced the Y-chromosome signature of Somerled of Argyll, one of Scotland's greatest warriors, who is credited with driving out the Vikings. Gia Long (1762-1820), the first Emperor of the Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam, could have belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup O2a, based on the test of one documented descendant. So both men would share the same paternal haplogroup. It was also found in an Egyptian mummy (c. 660 BCE, Schuenemann et al. So, it may be that the haplogroup previously attributed to Niall is actually attributable to Conn of the Hundred Battles. [permanent dead link This page was last edited on 20 January 2023, at 16:40 (UTC). Other ducal lineages descended from illegitimate sons of King Charles II include the Dukes of Cleveland (extinct in 1891), the Dukes of Grafton, the Dukes of St Albans, and the Dukes of Richmond (combined with the Dukedoms of Lennox and Gordon). According to the DNA test of a relative, Hollywood actor, screenwriter and film producer, Adam Sandler (b. He was a co-developer of Morse code and helped to develop the commercial use of telegraphy. His beliefs and warnings heavily influenced the South's secession from the Union in 186061. The American martial artist, actor, film producer and screenwriter Chuck Norris (b. The Polish princely House of Lubomirski appears to belong to haplogroup J2b2a-L283 > Z585 > Z628 > Y15058 (aka CTS3617) according to the testing of a member of the family (reportedly Ladislas Jean Lubomirski, father of the photographer Alexi Lubomirski) at Family Tree DNA. Sayyid Ajjal was Yunnan's first provincial governor in history and was of Arab, Turkic or Persian Muslim origin. While J2b* and J2b1 lineages are mostly restricted to the Caucasus, eastern Anatolia and the Balkans, J2b2 is found throughout Europe, in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe, in Central Asia and in South Asia, particularly in India. The Fujiwara clan was a powerful family of regents who dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period (7941185). In Human Genetics, J2 haplogroup (AKA J-M172) is among the most frequent Y DNA haplogroups in the Middle East and in the Arab World. . The man who is the most recent common ancestor of this line is estimated to have been born around 25,000 BCE. Quite a few ancient Mediterranean and Middle Eastern civilisations flourished in territories where J2 lineages were preponderant. Clan Campbell is historically one of the largest and most powerful of the Scottish Highland clans. Several members of the Lubomirski family were a candidate, at different times, for crowns of Poland, Bohemia and Hungary. 2018, J2-M172@FTDNA Project Administration Changes Announcement, J2a-Z6048: refinement in the no-Caucasus J2a* clade, Refinement for J2b2a-M241 (including L283,Z622,Z2447,Z2444), J2a1-PF7413(xPF7415): refinement and new subclade Z40257, Z40258, J2a1-S15439,L198: M419 NGS available and new subclade Z40067,Z40068. List of haplogroups of historic people - Wikipedia It is defined by the 12f2.1 genetic marker, or the equivalent M304 marker. 241 belong to J-L70 . Elvis's paternal grandfather was born out of wedlock and got his mother's surname. J2a4h2 Y Haplogroup J-L25 DNA J-F761: How Did Our Ancestors Get From There is a wide variety of J2a branches found in South Asia. The majority (about 70%) are members of the Celtic haplogroup R1b. Based on 13 STR markers tested his haplogroup can be assigned as E1b1a. Clan Murray descends from William's cousin. He was revealed to belong to haplogroup Q1b-L275 by the PBS television series Finding Your Roots. The high incidence of J2a in Italy is owed in great part to the migration of the Etruscans from western Anatolia to central and northern Italy, and to the Greek colonisation of southern Italy. They managed to identify his maternal haplogroup as J2. Unreliable citations may be challenged or deleted. As of April 2017, he has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles, the fourth most in history, and held the No. First Ancient J-Z631 Found in the Via Salaria Necropolis in Rome This is a different haplogroup from the infamous widespread C2b1a3a1c2-F5481 clade of C2*-ST which is widespread in Central Asia among Kazakhs, Hazaras and ordinary commoner Mongols since Kazakhs and Hazaras were descended from ordinary Mongol soldiers during the Mongol empire conquests but not from Genghis himself. Robert the Bruce successfully fought off the English in the First War of Scottish Independence and is now revered in Scotland as a national hero. [14][bettersourceneeded], The remains of the younger of the two women buried with the Oseberg Ship were tested and discovered to have mtDNA of U7. The world's highest frequency of J2 is found among the Ingush (88% of the male lineages) and Chechen (56%) people in the Northeast Caucasus. Results from the Clan Cameron DNA Project indicate that the vast majority of participants of Highland Clan Cameron belong to R1b-L21 > DF13 > Y16233 > A2070 > Y16765 > A7298 > A6138. He is praised by advocates of smaller government and laissez-faire economics, while supporters of an active central government generally view him less favorably, although most praise his stalwart support of racial equality. He, the Minamonto (Genji) clan and patrilineal descendants of the Imperial family of Japan should belong to the same Y-DNA haplogroup D1a2a1a2b1a1 (D-Z1504, CTS8093).