The sheets may be laminated or in sheet protectors without annotations affixed. +comes from PRESSURE in confined aquifers forcing the water to the surface. 40 0 obj t6X>rF>5$mgRKnZ['>(i%KLF[i2P/KMmw-]"K6} 1\IVV }RMWGKo287V#|RS( (b Is whale communication impacted by changes in ocean properties? +Reservoirs behind dams trap sediment which deprives downstream rivers of sediment which is an important part of the ecosystem << /Pages 152 0 R /Type /Catalog >> Water rushing out of an enclosed harbor or bay because of the fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches. A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean. The Ekman spiral: Answer. Acoustic tomography employs the effect of temperature on the speed of sound in seawater (sound travels faster in warmer water) to record temperature profiles over long ocean transects. +precipitation FyQafhUi41Gd*+{ -#+># 18Q|`j/JP0ICUFQa~18E`"F H ,1B jAqBh4 ht[4 EiI# yP(Q *:{PZ ~fh oGBJ,Qu"7Pr(g+ no clear pattern, areas covered by continental galcial ice sheet. caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and earth. when high water rises above a river's banks and overspills them. Currents flowing on surface in opposite direction to main currents. Chambers are then inserted into the sediment and sealed to isolate portions of the bottom from surrounding seawater. This spring forms from the pull of gravity. Precise modern navigation allows ship motion to be subtracted from the data. -from cars when the amount of sediment becomes greater than the carrying capacity of the force that is moving it; sediment from eroded materials settles. Dynamic Planet Meteorology Road Scholar Rocks and Minerals Solar System Physical Science & Chemistry Can't Judge a Powder Crave The Wave Crime Busters Sounds of Music Storm the Castle Technology & Engineering Bridge Flight Roller Coaster Wheeled Vehicle Inquiry & Nature of Science Codebusters Experimental Design Fast Facts Write It Do It The information below should not be interpreted as an extension of the rules. surface ocean circulation is modified by what? even at the very bottom, life exists (A tiny single celled organism), Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Southern, Samples: Water Science Olympiad is a national STEM competition dedicated to improving the quality of K-12 science education, increasing interest and engagement in science, and providing recognition for outstanding achievement by students and teachers. Almost microscopic algae and animals that are carried by current and waves. The addition of wave energy as waves meet producing larger waves. a delta in an area with strong tides that redistribute accumulating sediments. When the ice melts in the summer, it releases nutrients into the water, stimulating the growth of phytoplankton, the center of the marine food web. << /Linearized 1 /L 392755 /H [ 859 222 ] /O 41 /E 78972 /N 11 /T 392264 >> the largest channel into which smaller streams flow. Movement of saltwater into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is discharged/withdrawn faster than it is recharged by processes like precipitation. There are five of these boundary currents. endstream 134 0 obj endobj ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( X" c !1AQa"q2U#BRVbr67fstu$3CS5Tc%&8d4DE' ? appendectomy\hspace{1cm} appendicitis. science olympiad dynamic planet oceanography notes. This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Gulf of Mexico. 136 0 obj . the quantity of water in a stream that passes a given point in a period of time; an outflow of water from a stream, pipe, groundwater aquifer, or watershed; the opposite of recharge. << /Contents 139 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 150 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 146 0 R >> /Font << /F4 147 0 R /F5 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /XObject << /X6 138 0 R >> >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. Floats can be weighted to be neutrally buoyant at a particular depth, where they drift in the current while emitting periodic sounds. #n;v_D^BB$6xDPq+qB\BHVyiam^d(8*rMTE:R[*m{E*|*,71kO^ g jEN5{&;%ul=HhE>[*ZO>4NNNsg'zURG Lots of great information on this channel!Tremor Tracker for iPadA model of Three FaultsInvestigating Plate Tectonics with Google EarthDiscovering Plate BoundariesPinterest Boardwith great Earth Science ideas from the National Event SupervisorResources for topics NOT in this years rules:Water Science USGSPhoto Glossary of Glacier TermsUMass Glacier Lecture SeriesThe Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resourcesProject OceanographyOceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science, Physical Address Equatorial currents are driven by the___? A basin structure in which the streams converge toward the center. . Seafloor rocks can be gathered by towing a dredge consisting of a steel box and chain bag. the movement of water through the biosphere, Release of harmful materials into the environment, the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources, the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water, The contamination of land by both solid and hazardous waste, pollutants being added to soil by agricultural runoffs, unclean technology, waste disposal. how can a swimmer keep away from gettin ginto a rip current? Those nutrients nourish phytoplankton and ultimately animals like killer whales that are farther up the food chain. The area from low-tide to the edge of the continental shelf. Teams may also be asked to draw conclusions and predict likely future occurrences based on historic information. The length of time the wind blows, the fetch and this are three factors that affect wind wave development. basically this just refers to a steep and rapid change in gradient; this is usually marked by a waterfall. +Water always flows downhill perpendicular to the contour lines. What is a beach? Freshwater in the form of vapor moves from the ocean to the atmosphere through evaporation causing the higher salinity. -from volcanoes (See and review image). << /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /ColorTransform 0 /Filter /DCTDecode /Height 600 /Subtype /Image /Type /XObject /Width 900 /Length 63000 >> what are waves that break along the shore that form a curling crest over an air pocket called? is prohibited and is a violation of the Science Olympiad General Rules and Code of Ethics. a condition in which untreated sewage is discharged from a sanitary sewer into the environment prior to reaching sewage treatment facilities. Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. The lander makes a second buoyancy adjustment to insure stability once it has landed. They carry cold water towards the equator. stream The temperature is constantly near freezing and only a few creatures can be found in these crushing depths. The temperature is constant at just above freezing. Cycle A passes Cycle B. a dome-shaped mound consisting of a layer of soil over a large core of ice, occurring in permafrost areas. Satellite-based instruments useful to oceanographers studying ocean circulation include altimeters, which register variations in sea level slope that indicate current flow, and infrared sensors that show currents, eddies, and other circulation features. Nearly friction free transfer of energy from molecule to molecule in a circular path. From the earth's perspective, the suns position in the sky moves higher each day from winter to summer and lower each day from summer to winter. Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of the moon and Earth. The sound reflects from the seafloor and is received by the second array of instruments. brightening of the night sky caused by street lights and other man-made sources, which has a disruptive effect on natural cycles and inhibits the observation of stars and planets. +salinity The sea surface temperature also "follows the sun." is a hydroacoustic current meter similar to a sonar, used to measure water current velocities over a depth range using the Doppler effect of sound waves scattered back from particles within the water column. xcbd`g`b``8 "lcxL DH&a V"L/?8xH Maximum ratio of wave height to wavelength seen in the open ocean. This zone is saturated with water. Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship for processing to give a vertical profile of horizontal water motion relative to the ship. $f|-2cMa/jiA *ye5#PtR%D'|88)upvXa*Pu)C}Z'q5cizPHQZ3@5m0 B@$fi)E@ what is a steep-sided and v-shaped deep depression on the continental slope? Is related to changes in temperature of a gas or object without changes in phases. Campus Box 8211 The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer moves up to the ground surface. Interactions between surface and groundwater. Dynamic Planet Division: B - Middle School NC Essential Standards Alignment: 8.E.1 Event Rules: None Event Score Sheet: None National Event Page: Here Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. a type of alluvial fan with a steep slope, closer to the shape of a half-cone than a flat fan. These waves are the first to form when the wind blows. Commonly these come from a submarine hills or glaciers. what is the type of wind driven wave that is found in large bays or semi enclosed areas? Oceanography Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Surface Currents Click card to see definition These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. This information is important for understanding how water tracers and pollutants are transported by the ocean. process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. Other floats drift for two months, surface to transmit data to a satellite, and descend again for another two months of data collection. surface salinity of seawater is ______ (above or below) average where precipitation is high and many rivers flow into the ocean, surface salinity of seawater is going to be ______(above or below) average in desert areas where evaporation rates are high, In polar areas during the winter, the salinity of water under the sea ice_________, as pure water cools from 20 degrees C to 4 degrees C, its densitiy, A zone with a rapid change in temperature with depth, true or false: water temperature from 300 meters deep to the ocean bottom is relatively uniform, When you pour cold water down the side of a glass of warm water, the cold water will, When you add salt to water, its boiling point_____ and its freezing point_____, when surface currents converge, the area where the water sinks is called a_____, type of current where waves strike the shore at a slight angle (runs roughly parallel to the shoreline), the swimmer would be carried out to sea, away from the shore. The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. Influencing other factors: Recently developed dual-frequency sidescan sonar can even be used to distinguish rock types. Correct the mistakes in the following students The surface layer, also called the sunlight zone. List the three layers of neurons in the human retina, from the layer facing the inside of the eyeball to the layer that contacts the choroid. (see image), Layers below the zone of aeration; the soil or rock located below the top of the groundwater table. The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. der Potsdamer Platz. =the water cycle Data from the 10,000 XBTs U.S. oceanographers launch annually are a major source of physical oceanographic information. Topic for 2023 Tournament Season isEarths fresh waters. der Tiergarten. This sediment builds and steadily decreases the storage capacity of the reservoir. The reference level (0.0) from which tidal height is measured. It depends on wind patterns in the atmosphere. When the water level in an area is rising, its called a _____, when the water level in an area is falling, its called a _____ tide. endstream Often, aquifers are naturally ******** by rainfall or other surface water that infiltrates into the ground. bottom drag, slow moving trough, shallow water, bentcusp. The information below should not be interpreted as an extension of the rules. -velocity = distance traveled / time, = water depth * velocity * width Typically seawater has close to 35 g of dissolved salts in each L - this is written as 35. Wind waves are one example of these waves. =chemical fertilizers and pesticides l#">V Uq(UJ9ss&t! Depends of surface sunlight and increases as the ocean depth decreases. =ocean currents These are the fastest flowing boundary currents. A deep, steep sided canyon on the ocean floor. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? the fine sediment carried within the body of flowing water, the sediment carried along the bed (bottom) of the river, total amount of sediments a river is capable of transporting, maximum particle size that a river is capable of transporting at a given point.